---

Manual Reference Pages  - JOIN (1)

---

join - join lines of two files on a common field

CONTENTS

Synopsis
Description
Author
Copyright

join [OPTION]... FILE1 FILE2

For each pair of input lines with identical join fields, write a line to standard output. The default join field is the first, delimited by whitespace. When FILE1 or FILE2 (not both) is -, read standard input.

-a FILENUM
	print unpairable lines coming from file FILENUM, where FILENUM is 1 or 2, corresponding to FILE1 or FILE2
-e EMPTY	replace missing input fields with EMPTY
-i, --ignore-case ignore differences in case when comparing fields
-j FIELD	equivalent to ‘-1 FIELD -2 FIELD’
-o FORMAT
	obey FORMAT while constructing output line
-t CHAR	use CHAR as input and output field separator
-v FILENUM
	like -a FILENUM, but suppress joined output lines
-1 FIELD	join on this FIELD of file 1
-2 FIELD	join on this FIELD of file 2
--help	display this help and exit
--version
	output version information and exit

Unless -t CHAR is given, leading blanks separate fields and are ignored, else fields are separated by CHAR. Any FIELD is a field number counted from 1. FORMAT is one or more comma or blank separated specifications, each being ‘FILENUM.FIELD’ or ‘0’. Default FORMAT outputs the join field, the remaining fields from FILE1, the remaining fields from FILE2, all separated by CHAR.

Important: FILE1 and FILE2 must be sorted on the join fields.

Written by Mike Haertel.

Report bugs to <bug-coreutils@gnu.org>.

Copyright © 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

The full documentation for join is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the info and join programs are properly installed at your site, the command

	info coreutils join

should give you access to the complete manual.

Jump to page    or go to Top of page |  Section 1 |  Main Index.